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Schools White Paper 2026: Estate Priorities for Leaders

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Robert Gould FRICS

Partner at Barker Associates | Award-Winning Integrated Property Consultants

The Department for Education (DfE) has published its Schools White Paper, Every Child Achieving and Thriving, setting out the government’s reform agenda for the school system in England.

This is a formal policy statement. It does not allocate funding directly or introduce legislation, but it does define strategic direction and signals how regulation, capital and accountability will evolve.

The scope of the School’s White Paper is wide and education-led. Its centre of gravity is SEND reform and inclusive mainstream provision. From an estate’s perspective, this is significant.

It reshapes how school buildings are expected to function and where capital is likely to be prioritised over the next decade.

The document sits directly alongside the recently published Education Estates Strategy.

For Responsible Bodies, the message is clear: inclusion, suitability, and adaptability are now core estate functions.

What Is the Focus of the White Paper?

The primary policy driver is SEND reform.

The government’s intention is to shift from a reactive, EHCP-led system towards earlier intervention and stronger inclusive mainstream provision.

Over time, fewer pupils should require specialist placements because mainstream schools will be better equipped to meet needs internally and will have provided intervention earlier.

This has material implications for buildings, space planning, and capital investment.

Mainstream schools will increasingly require:

  1. Inclusion bases and specialist resource areas
  2. Therapy and intervention rooms
  3. Sensory-adapted environments
  4. Improved accessibility
  5. Behaviour and pastoral space


There is also an increased expectation that mainstream teaching spaces become more accessible and aligned to neurodiverse learners.

Many existing estates were not designed for this level of inclusive provision. Suitability, not just condition, becomes central.

Learn more about designing school buildings for pupils with SEND

How Does This Link to the Education Estates Strategy?

The Education Estates Strategy introduced a structural reset: proactive lifecycle management, renewal before rebuild, data-led funding, and stronger accountability.

The White Paper reinforces that direction of travel. It confirms:

  1. At least £3.7 billion in high needs capital to 2029–30 to create 60,000 specialist places
  2. Expansion of inclusion bases within mainstream settings
  3. Continued school rebuilding where required
  4. £400 million for school-based nursery expansion
  5. Greater emphasis on renewal, retrofit and adaptation


The strategic emphasis is clear: adapt and improve the existing estate wherever possible, rather than defaulting to wholesale rebuild. The alignment between policy reform and estate strategy is deliberate. Inclusion, early years, enrichment, and community integration are now embedded estate priorities, not peripheral considerations.

What Are the Estate Implications?

1. Inclusion Integrated Into School Estate Design

Schools will need to demonstrate that their buildings can support inclusive mainstream delivery. That requires structured planning of space, circulation, acoustics, access and specialist accommodation, not just reactive, room-by-room adjustments.

2. SEND Capital Becomes the Immediate Pipeline

The £3.7bn commitment signals a sustained programme of specialist expansion and mainstream adaptation. Trusts and local authorities that are strategically prepared – with feasibility studies and prioritised estate plans – will be better positioned to benefit.

 

A group of school children in red uniforms running on a playground

3. Suitability Is Now A Priority

Condition remains important, but suitability now sits alongside it. Enrichment entitlement, attendance reform, and inclusive provision all rely on environments that are safe, calm, and fit for purpose. Estate quality increasingly links to performance outcomes.

4. Early Years Expansion and Community Integration

The expansion of school-based nurseries and family hubs will require reconfiguration of primary estates and clearer strategies for surplus space. This connects directly with the Estates Strategy’s work on demographic change and flexible use of school space.

5. Embed Energy Strategy into Every Retrofit Project

Where schools are adapting for SEND or suitability improvements, there is an opportunity to embed fabric upgrades, low-carbon heating and improved ventilation.

The Estates Strategy emphasises renewal, climate resilience, and net zero readiness. Inclusion-led capital projects provide a practical delivery vehicle for those objectives

Key Takeaways From The Schools’ White Paper 2026

  1. This is a system redesign, not simply a SEND funding announcement.
  2. Inclusion is now a core estate function for mainstream schools.
  3. Suitability will matter as much as condition.
  4. SEND capital is targeted – readiness and strategic planning will determine access.
  5. Renewal and retrofit remain the dominant delivery model, aligned with the Education Estates Strategy.
  6. Energy performance and climate resilience should be embedded within adaptation projects, not treated separately.

What Should Responsible Bodies Be Doing Now?

  1. Review estate suitability through an inclusion lens.
  2. Align SEND strategy with estate strategy – revenue reform must be physically deliverable.
  3. Refresh long-term asset management plans to reflect adaptation, not just maintenance.
  4. Integrate decarbonisation and climate resilience into planned renewal works.
  5. Ensure governance and data maturity are aligned with emerging accountability expectations.
  6. Avoid embarking on knee-jerk projects before reviewing/setting your strategy.

 
The direction of travel is consistent across both the White Paper and the Education Estates Strategy: reactive maintenance gives way to strategic stewardship.

For many organisations, this represents a cultural as well as technical shift.

Barker’s Perspective On The White Paper

We welcome the clarity of policy alignment between SEND reform and the Education Estates Strategy.

Over the next decade, the market is unlikely to be defined by large-scale rebuild alone. It will be shaped by adaptation, inclusion planning, lifecycle management, trust-level capital prioritisation and integrated energy strategy.

Responsible Bodies that prepare early, with evidence-based estate planning and clear governance, will be best positioned to respond as capital programmes expand.

Join Our Webinar

To explore the practical estate implications of both the Education Estates Strategy and the Schools White Paper, we are hosting a focused briefing for Responsible Bodies and trust leaders.

​​Education Estates Strategy: What Responsible Bodies Should Do Now

Wednesday 18th March
11:00 am – 12:00 pm

Join The Webinar

Get Tailored Advice

If you would like tailored advice on what the Schools White Paper means for your organisation, speak to a member of our education estates team.

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